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The Real Cost of Cheap Money

Subsidised credit, covenants and what the low rate charges elsewhere

The thesis

The subsidised rate carries obligations that do not appear in the cost of capital spreadsheet: restrictions on use, performance obligations, reporting requirements and exposure to oversight for years after disbursement

What the study establishes

1

The total cost includes the team's time devoted to reporting obligations, which is rarely budgeted

2

The collateral required often exceeds that of an equivalent market facility

3

Failure to meet a counterpart obligation turns subsidy into expensive debt, with retroactive effect

Download the study 35-page PDF, 2026 edition · in Portuguese

Contents